James Cook University of North Queensland
Computer Centre

N E T P B M

Release of 1 Mar 1994

The latest release of the popular netpbm package has been installed on the Computer Centre's Digital UNIX hosts. Previously, a number of the utilities which form the package have been available from a CD-ROM of free software mounted as /usr/local/freeware/bin

CONTENTS

This and some further information about netpbm is also available at, http://www.jcu.edu.au/docs/netpbm/

WHAT IS NETPBM ?

Quoting from the README file in the source distribution,

" Netpbm is a toolkit for conversion of images between a variety of different formats, as well as to allow a few basic image operations."

HOW TO ENABLE AND USE THE NEW NETPBM PROGRAMS

If you wish to use the new versions of the programs, include /usr/local/netpbm in your PATH and make sure it appears before /usr/local/freeware/bin in the PATH list.

Most, if not all of the netpbm commands act as filters of standard input to standard output, or accept a filename as the input specification.

For example, the following commands both display the latest JCUMetSat image on an X-Windows display after converting it from ILBM format to PPM format.

cat ~ftp/JCUMetSat/ausllast.iff | ilbmtoppm | xv - & ilbmtoppm ~ftp/JCUMetSat/ausllast.iff | xv - &

DOCUMENTATION

There are UNIX on-line manual entries for each of the components of the netpbm package. The man entries should be consulted for details of syntax and options for each of the commands.

For example, type,

man ppmtogif

HOW TO FIND THE RIGHT CONVERTER

Quoting again from the Pbmplus README,

" Some people get confused by all the different names. If you want to convert a pbm file to a Sun raster file, is it pbmtorast, pgmtorast, ppmtorast, or pnmtorast? In this case some of the confusion might be because previous versions of the package did in fact have both pbmtorast and ppmtorast. But mostly it's just too many different things to hold in your short term memory. Fine, so don't even try to remember what's what. That's what computers are for. Unix, at least BSD Unix, has this great indexing feature on the "man" program. You say "man -k " and it gives you all the one-line descriptions with that keyword in them. All the PBMPLUS man pages have nice useful one-line descriptions, that mention all the relevant keywords. Try it, you'll like it."

For example, try typing,

man -k gif

See below for the file formats handled by netpbm.

MORE ABOUT NETPBM

Quoting again from the README file in the source distribution,

" Netpbm is based on the widely spread Pbmplus package (release: 10 Dec 91). On top of that, a lot of improvements and additions have been made. After the latest release of Pbmplus, a lot of additional filters have been circulating on the net. The aim of Netpbm was, to collect these and to turn them into a package. This work has been performed by a group of programmers all over the world.

Please note, that this is not an official Pbmplus release. The code in this release is merely a collection of code from various sources around the world. Not all of the new code parts follow the high standard of programming of Pbmplus. We have tried to make the code portable to as many systems as possible, but we haven't cleaned up all routines. We hope that this release will help the many users of Pbmplus to upgrade their code all in one piece, instead of having to hunt down different code fragments at different sites around the world. We also hope, that our effort will help the author of Pbmplus, Jef Poskanzer, to make a new official release soon."

WHAT IS PBMPLUS ?

Quoting from the original README file from the Pbmplus package,

"
Extended Portable Bitmap Toolkit
Distribution of 10dec91
Previous distribution 30oct91

PBMPLUS is a toolkit for converting various image formats to and from portable formats, and therefore to and from each other. The idea is, if you want to convert among N image formats, you only need 2*N conversion filters, instead of the N^2 you would need if you wrote each one separately.

In addition to the converters, the package includes some simple tools for manipulating the portable formats.

The package is broken up into four parts. First is PBM, for bitmaps (1 bit per pixel). Then there is PGM, for grayscale images. Next is PPM, for full-color images. Last, there is PNM, which does content-independent manipulations on any of the three internal formats, and also handles external formats that have multiple types.

The parts are upwards compatible: PGM reads both PGM and PBM files and writes PGM; PPM reads all three and writes PPM; and PNM reads all three and writes, usually, the same type as it read. Whenever PNM makes an exception and "promotes" a file to a higher format, it lets you know. "

SUPPORT

Quoting from the original README file from the Pbmplus package,

... if you have access to Usenet, there's a newsgroup called alt.graphics.pixutils which is specifically for discussion of image conversion and editing packages such as PBMPLUS."

FILE FORMATS HANDLED BY NETPBM

PBM handles the following black&white formats:

    Sun icon file				reading	writing
    X10 and X11 bitmap file			reading	writing
    MacPaint					reading	writing
    CMU window manager format			reading	writing
    MGR format					reading	writing
    Group 3 FAX					reading	writing
    GEM .img format				reading	writing
    Bennet Yee's "face" format			reading	writing
    Atari Degas .pi3 format			reading	writing
    Andrew Toolkit raster object   		reading	writing
    Xerox doodle brushes			reading
    ASCII graphics					writing
    HP LaserJet format					writing
    GraphOn graphics					writing
    BBN BitGraph graphics				writing
    Printronix format					writing
    Gemini 10x printer format				writing
    Epson printer format				writing
    Unix plot(5) file					writing
    Zinc Interface Library icon				writing

PGM handles the following grayscale formats:

    Usenix FaceSaver(tm) file			reading	writing
    FITS					reading	writing
    Lisp Machine bit-array-file			reading	writing
    raw grayscale bytes	(e.g. the Molecular
       Dynamics and Leica CSLM formats)		reading
    Biorad CSLM images				reading
    HIPS					reading
    PostScript "image" data			reading

PPM handles the following color formats:

    GIF						reading	writing
    IFF ILBM					reading	writing
    PICT					reading	writing
    Atari Degas .pi1 format			reading	writing
    XPM (X Window System ASCII pixmaps)		reading	writing
    PC Paintbrush .pcx format			reading	writing
    TrueVision Targa file			reading	writing
    HP PaintJet format				reading	writing
    Abekas YUV format				reading	writing
    MTV/PRT ray-tracer output			reading
    QRT ray-tracer output			reading
    Img-whatnot file				reading
    Xim file					reading
    Atari uncompressed Spectrum			reading
    Atari compressed Spectrum			reading
    NCSA Interactive Color Raster			writing
    X11 "puzzle" file					writing
    Motif UIL icon file					writing
    DEC sixel format					writing
    AutoCAD slide format			reading	writing
    AutoCAD DXB format					writing

PNM handles the following multi-type formats:

    Sun raster file				reading	writing
    TIFF					reading	writing
    X11 window dump file			reading	writing
    X10 window dump file			reading
    PostScript						writing
    Zeiss CSLM images (the old format)		reading

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Last Updated: 9 May 1996 John Miller