Acknowledging sources of information

Whenever you refer to something you have read in another author’s work you should use a reference.

There are two types of references: in-text and end-of-text. It is important to use both in your work.

In-text referencing

In this example, the author of the work has paraphrased Frankfurt’s (2014) idea, and referenced it accordingly. Data from a report by Roberto (2016) has also been used.

Global warming has been much debated within the last few years. Pundits on both sides of the debate have argued fiercely over the reliability and accuracy of climate modelling (Frankfurt, 2014).  It is clear from the evidence presented by Roberto (2016, p. 788) that average global temperature increase has been .9ºC over the last century. This has not done much to convince the climate skeptics however, who often claim that this is not a result of human intervention.

End-of-text referencing

In this example, the writer has included all required bibliographic details of the works referred to in the text.

Frankfurt, T. (2014). Climate sense and nonsense. Journal of Things, 12(3), 33-34, doi:10.1037/1061.

Roberto, V.W. (2016). A thermometer on the world. Journal of Thermometers, 9(1), 12-21, doi:10.9999/8888.